Blog: Holyrood Palace Scotland

In mid 1780, the southern strategy devised by American Secretary Lord Germaine in London appeared to be working. Two important rebel citadels had fallen, and Lt. Gen. Charles Earl Cornwallis was in command of a strong army of British regulars reinforced by well-trained South Carolina militia units loyal to England. In addition, what remained of Continental forces in the area had been routed in May 1780 at the Battle of Waxhaws. South Carolina seemed at the mercy of the British.

Major General Horatio Gates

In July of 1780, Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates arrived in Charlotte, North Carolina to assume command of what remained of the Southern army. Gates had served as nominal commander of Continental forces at the Battle of Saratoga, although the real hero of that victory had been Brig. Gen. Benedict Arnold.

Against the advice of his officers, Gates set out from North Carolina with 1,500 newly recruited Continental soldiers to confront the British in an area of South Carolina that was known to harbor many loyalist sympathizers.

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